Pacific island countries and territories offer rich ecosystems threatened by population and urbanisation growth and changing consumption patterns, leading to increased waste generation. Healthy Pacific ecosystems are essential for economic development of communities in the Pacific island countries and territories however due to their economic and ecological features, these Pacific islands face their own challenges.
The purpose of the SWAP2 Project is to help achieve the strategic goals of the Pacific Regional Waste and Pollution Management Strategy (Cleaner Pacific Strategy) by improving waste infrastructure, building capacity, and fostering regional collaboration of several Pacific Island Countries and French Territories.
Motor oils are used in internal combustion engines or associated mechanical parts. Their main function is lubrication of moving parts, but they also clean, inhibit corrosion and cool the engine by transferring heat.
This Framework Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) can be downloaded and customised by operators of medium sized Windrow Compost Facilities, receiving 5-20 tonnes of organic material per week.
The SOP can be customised to the local context, and used to guide the effective composting process, providing supervisors and staff the background and guidance on activities to operate and run a Windrow Compost facility safely, effectively, and efficiently.
The SOP is split into three sections:
• Part 1 – Quick Guide
• Part 2 – Stages of Composting
• Part 3 – Appendix / Further Reading
The SOP is designed to be customised with all areas in yellow designed to prompt an update and tailoring to the local situation.
This Framework Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) can be downloaded and customised by operators of Small-Scale 3-Bay / Small Pile Composting Facility, receiving less than 100 kg (approximately two wheelbarrows) of organic material per week.
The SOP can be customised to the local context, and used to guide the effective operation of a small facility, to ensure the efficient recycling of organic material into compost for soil enrichment.
The SOP can be used by households, communities, and small-scale fruit and vegetable growers seeking to establish a compost site, using simple tools and manual labour.
This Framework Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) can be downloaded and customised by operators of medium sized Bay Compost Facilities, receiving 5-20 tonnes of organic material per week.
The SOP can be customised to the local context, and used to guide the effective composting process, providing supervisors and staff the background and guidance on activities to operate and run a Bay Compost facility safely, effectively, and efficiently.
The SOP is split into three sections:
• Part 1 – Quick Guide
• Part 2 – Stages of Composting
• Part 3 – Appendix / Further Reading
The SOP is designed to be customised with all areas in yellow designed to prompt an update and tailoring to the local situation.
This Framework Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) can be downloaded and customised by operators of medium sized Aerated Static Pile Compost Facilities, receiving 5-20 tonnes of organic material per week.
The SOP can be customised to the local context, and used to guide the effective composting process, providing supervisors and staff the background and guidance on activities to operate and run a Aerated Static Pile Compost facility safely, effectively, and efficiently.
The SOP is split into three sections:
• Part 1 – Quick Guide
• Part 2 – Stages of Composting
• Part 3 – Appendix / Further Reading
The SOP is designed to be customised with all areas in yellow designed to prompt an update and tailoring to the local situation.
“Disk” shredders were utilised by the Majuro Atoll
Waste Company to process organic materials for
composting but were struggling to process the
volume and type of material being received.
A new report has found that more than 53.6 million tonnes of e-waste was dumped or burned globally last year, which is the equivalent of 350 cruise ships, and up more than 20 per cent in just five years. The UN's Global E-waste Monitor 2020 also ranked Oceania as the second highest region, per capita, of e-waste, with each person generating 16.1 kilograms on average, it said. Common e-waste items include old mobile phones, batteries, TVs, computers and tablets.
But Australia and New Zealand are the leading producers of that e-waste, with people in Pacific countries like Samoa and Tonga estimated to produce 3.1 kilograms per person, and in Fiji and PNG, the figure was just 1.5 kilograms.
It's a problematic issue across the globe but in the Pacific, where in many countries there isn't the space for all this dumped technology, problems are looming. The region's peak environment body, SPREP, is working on several projects to tackle the issue. Bradley Nolan, the Project Manager for PacWastePlus, which is funded by the European Union, told Pacific Beat "disposable societies and large incomes" in countries like Australia and New Zealand explain why residents in those countries produce such large quantities of e-waste.
And he suggested that Australia and other donor partners may in fact contribute to some of the e-waste in Pacific nations, with equipment such as computers donated when they had reached their end-of-life there.
"There have been some incidents where some of the metropolitan countries [ie Australia, New Zealand] when some of their products are at the end of their useful life, say in a government department, has gifted those to countries to help out.
"But of course they have less life, so they become an instant e-waste problem when they hit the islands...so aid and the work that people are attempting to do, with great intentions, creates some significant problems at the other end," he said.
Currently much of the waste going to community dumps is organic materials (40-65%) which, when mixed in a dump with other material like plastics and nappies etc, can cause soil and water pollution, odour, and methane (climate change effects).