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  • Collection Island and Ocean Ecosystems
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Payments for ecosystem services: legal and institutional frameworks
Environmental Monitoring and Governance, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Greiber, Thomas

2009
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment has shown that despite their importance to human well-being and biodiversity, the world’s freshwater ecosystems as well as water-related ecosystem services are rapidly being degraded. In order to stop this development and achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), in particular the MDG 7 to ‘ensure environmental sustainability’, governments and international processes are searching for the most effective way to govern water-related ecosystem services. In this context, two approaches exist: the traditional strategy of command and control, and the use of economic or market-based instruments
Climate change and food security in Pacific islands countries
Climate Change Resilience, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

SPREP/USP

2008
The overall purpose of this paper is to address food security and poverty reduction in the face of climate change and energy security. It attempts to bring to the fore food security threats associated with climate change in the food production and supply environments, as well as the broader livelihood and ecological changes that will occur as a consequence. Recognizing the different geographical regions around the Pacific and how climate change would impact on their food security situations opens up new opportunities for understanding why changes happen. An attempt will also be made to address the question; how can Pacific Islanders be assisted to enhance their capacity to reduce risk and make optimal use of current climate resources in order to capitalize on benefits that may arise due to the changing climate. In doing so, it will attempt to highlight some of the current impacts of climate change reported by Pacific Island countries in their national communications to the UNFCCC and their National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPAs), and what attempts have been made to seriously address these issues. It is recognized that climate change is an additional stress that needs to be managed by the agricultural and broader development communities but it should also be emphasized that climate change will further exacerbate current development stresses that are already plaguing the agriculture community and national governments. This paper will try to draw out these links and discuss ways to proactively address the situation now rather then later
Shore protection in the Republic of the Marshall Islands : pilot project report
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Goreau, Thomas J

,

Hagberg, Erik

,

Jormelu, Katwel

2010
Wind, Wave, and Solar powered shore protection and coral reef restoration projects were installed in the Marshall Islands in early 2010 by the Arno Kobamaron Community Base Organization, in collaboration with the Global Reef Alliance and Pacific Aquaculture Cooperatives, funded by the Federal Republic of Germany Federal Foreign Office Task Force for Humanitarian Aid. The projects were installed at Ine Village, Arno Atoll (Wind powered), Jabo Village, Arno Atoll (Wave powered), and Enemanit, Majuro Atoll, (Solar powered). Local community residents were trained in construction and installation skills. These projects will help restore near-shore coral reefs and fisheries habitat, protecting beaches from wave erosion and allowing them to grow. A tidal current project was originally also planned but unfortunately could not be installed during the project period due to delays by the manufacturer. The results of these pilot demonstration projects dramatically demonstrate that local communities can use their own vast and untapped sources of sustainable energy to grow back their coral reef and fisheries resources and protect their islands from erosion by global sea level rise. There is a critically urgent need to replicate this example on a large scale in all low-lying island nations and coasts before global sea level rise accelerates.
The net for journalists: a practical guide to the internet for journalists in developing countries
Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Huckerby, Martin

2005
Intergrating economic and environmental policies: the case of Pacific island countries
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

United Nations

2004
This study explores ways in which environmental considerations can be integrated into economic decisions in order to facilitate planning for sustainable development (SD), with particular emphasis on Pacific Island Countries (PICs).1 Ever since the ‘Earth Summit’ was held in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, sustainable development has been embraced worldwide as a desirable development goal. At the Earth Summit, world leaders adopted Agenda 21, an agreement consisting of various action programmers covering nearly every aspect of all human activities that impact on the natural environment. Chapter 8 of Agenda 21 deals with integrating environment and development in decision making. Section 8.5, ‘Improving planning and management system’, states.
An investigation into marine resources use and management in Aunu'u American Samoa: a household survey
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

The Marine Protected Area Program - AS Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources

2009
American Samoa is a tropical island located at approximately 14º South and 170º West in the South Pacific. American Samoa consists of five volcanic islands (Tutuila, Aunu'u, Ofu, Olosega and Ta'u), one coral atoll (Rose Atoll) and one low lying island (Swains Island). It is an unincorporated territory of the United States (U.S.) and is the only U.S. jurisdiction in the South Pacific. The most recent population estimate of 70,100 (U.S. DOC 2009) is approximately 13,000 more than the population in 2000 according to the U.S. Census. The islands are surrounded by steeply sloping coral reefs inhabited by over 250 species of coral and over 961 species of fish (Craig 2009). The majority of the population lives on the main island of Tutuila. Tutuila has a land area of 138 km2 and has steeply sloping terrain which provides very little cultivable land for the inhabitants.
Recommendations for digital strategy II : final report for the Pacfiic Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS)
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Network Strategies - Telecommunications Strategy

2010
Network Strategies Limited was commissioned by the Pacific Island Forum Secretariat (PIFS) to review the Pacific Regional Digital Strategy and assist in the development of a revised Digital Strategy (DSII) that addresses any identified gaps and emerging needs. This document presents recommendations for DSII to be used as a basis for discussion by national and regional stakeholders
Review of Pacific regional digital strategy: part A - technological capacity
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Network Strategies (Telecommunications Strategy)

2010
The Pacific Regional Digital Strategy is an initiative under the Pacific Plan to promote economic growth, sustainable development, good governance and security in Forum Countries. The Strategy establishes the following priorities:
POPs in PICs - a project to eliminate persistent organic pollutants from Pacific Island countries - a case study
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
For hundreds of years, people living in the Pacific Island countries (PICs) have lived in close harmony with their environment, in a region that is as immense as it is diverse. The Pacific Islands region covers over 30 million square kilometres of which only 2 per cent is land mass. The vast marine environment surrounding the land is rich in biodiversity and is vital to the survival and livelihoods of many Pacific Islanders
Practices in the sound management of chemicals
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

UNDESA/Stockholm Convention UNEP

The chemical industry is one of the largest sectors of the world economy; nearly every manufactured product contains one or more of the thousands of chemicals produced by it. The production of chemicals is increasing at a rate of 3-4 per cent per year, with more and more of this production happening in developing countries (see figures I.1 and I.2 below). The share of chemical production in industrialized countries is decreasing—from 84 per cent in 1970 to 75 per cent at present and is expected to decrease further to about 63 per cent by 2030.1 (See chapter on Trends).

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