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Collection Island and Ocean Ecosystems
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Aquaculture development: 4. ecosystem approach to aquaculture

Environmental Monitoring and Governance, Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

FAO

Social and biophysical dimensions of ecosystems are inextricably related such that a change in one dimension is highly likely to generate a change in the other. Although change is a natural consequence of complex interactions, it must be monitored and even managed if the rate and direction of change threatens to undermine system resilience.

aquaculture

Coping with climate change in the Pacific island region (CCCPIR): main report

Climate Change Resilience, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB

Available Online

SPC/GTZ

Within the context of an additional commitment of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) for the ongoing ACCPIR Project GTZ commissioned an appraisal mission in order to investigate the options for extending it regionally and thematically. The regional scope of the mission includes all independent member states of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC). The thematic scope of the mission focused on climate change adaptation strategies for land- and marine based natural resources, adaptation options in the tourism sector and with regard to mitigation potentials to renewable energies as well as energy efficiency issues. Despite constraints in terms of time covering the whole South Pacific region, the regional institutional framework being under reconstruction and, the multitude of, hardly manageable donor initiatives in the field of climate change the team finally was confident that sufficient information was available to assess the climate change context of the region and to come up with a proposal which adds value to ongoing and planned climate change activities at the regional and national level.

Monitoring and management of the humphead wrasse, cheilinus undulatus

Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

Gillett, Robert

The humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus is a small but important part of the international trade in live reef food fish, being one of the highest species in unit value. The main threats of the live reef food fish trade to the sustainability of the species are overfishing and the effects of destructive fishing on the target species, non-target species and on the reef environment. In 2004 the humphead wrasse was listed on Appendix II of CITES. With the listing, international trade is only permitted if the export will not be detrimental to the survival of the species in the wild. For fisheries resources, in general, this requirement has been interpreted to mean that in the exporting country there must be a functional management plan and associated monitoring. In this context this report discusses the core elements of a management system for humphead wrasse, making considerations about major fisheries management objectives, management measures, enforcement, monitoring and fisheries assessment.

Northern Bougainville Marine Resource Assesement, autonomous region of Bougainville : technical report of survey conducted from the 1st -25th November 2008

Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

Hamilton, R...[et al.]

This survey was conducted in the northern part of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville between 1st 25th of November 2008. The survey covered the western side and outer islands of Buka Island, the Saposa and Buka Town region and the Tinputz region on north eastern side of Bougainville Island. The survey team was comprised of marine scientists, conservationists and fisheries officers. The survey provided an assessment of the status of sea cucumbers, reef fish and corals in Northern Bougainville, with recommendations for their conservation and management.

Appraisal mission: Managing the impact of climate change on land resources in the Pacific : climate change in the Pacific islands impacts and scope for action: working paper 1

Climate Change Resilience, Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

Sem, Graham

As with other small islands developing States (SIDS), Pacific island countries (PICs) are highly vulnerable to climate change and sea level rise owing partly to their small land masses surrounded by ocean, and their location in regions prone to natural disasters. PICs are often characterized by having relatively large populations for the area they occupy with high growth rates and densities; poorly developed infrastructure and limited natural, human and economic resources, and their high dependence on marine resources for their livelihood needs. Most of their economies are reliant on a limited resource base and are vulnerable to external forces, such as changing terms of trade, trade liberalization, and migration flows. Adaptive capacity to climate change is generally low.

Agriculture & climate change in the Pacific island region

Climate Change Resilience, Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

SPC/GTZ Programme on Adaptation to Climate Change in the Pacific Island Region

The overall objective of the programme is to strengthen the capacities of SPC member countries to cope with the adverse effects of climate change and to avoid deforestation, with sustainable management of land based natural resources as a fundamental element.

Deep-sea mining seafloor massive sulfides Papua New Guinea : (including the August 1, 2008 post conference report on Nautilus Minerals Niugini

Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

Seltzer, Cliff ...[at al.]

Nautilus Minerals Inc. is currently accelerating efforts to commence mining and removal of the oceanic natural resources from Papua New Guinea (PNG). Nautilus is working to extract copper, zinc, gold, and other metals from massive sulfide deposits in the waters of PNGs exclusive economic zone at depths up to 2000 meters; while other companies are involved in undersea mining, Nautilus is closer to commercial extraction than any other company. The Nautilus Solwara 1 project in PNG is expected to begin commercial mining operations in 2010. Given the degree to which Papua New Guinea has come to rely on mineral exploitation as a means to grow its GDP (now estimated to contribute over 30% to the sustained GDP growth over the past few years), it is clear that the financial motivation to proceed with this project enjoys considerable international investor and national Government support. However, without proper oversight and internal discipline on the part of to Government of Papua New Guinea, Nautilus and its partners, this undersea mining has the potential to be socially, economically, and environmentally destructive. Through appropriate process management, the use of leading technologies, careful monitoring and constant inspection these risks can be minimized. This report provides an overview of Nautilus, undersea mining in Papua New Guinea, and M·CAM recommendations for impact minimization and long-term value optimization. This report compiles information available in the public domain so attribution and conclusions drawn therefrom are predicated solely on the accuracy thereof.

Impacts of oil palm activities in the Kokoda and Popondetta catchments: an initial environmental examination, February-March 2006 [Papua New Guinea]

Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

Cole, Ben

Craven, John

An initial environmental examination (IEE) of the impacts of oil palm activities in the Popondetta area has been undertaken. Through agreement with the Australian Conservation Foundation (ACF) and The Centre for Environmental Law and Community Rights Inc. (CELCOR), environmental consultants Ben Cole and John Craven were engaged to undertake the IEE. The aims of the IEE were to identify issues and to determine priorities for an environmental impact assessment (EIA) and evaluate whether available data could support legal action.

Ambo declaration, Tarawa climate change conference , 10 November 2010

Climate Change Resilience, Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

We, Leaders, Ministers and Representatives of Governments participating in the Tarawa Climate Change Conference held on 10th November 2010, recognizing that, climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and that there is an urgent need for more and immediate action to be undertaken to address the causes and adverse impacts of climate change

Biodiversity planning : an assessment of national biodiversity and action plans

Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Available Online

Johnston, T.

Prip, C.

Vierros, S.

The Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has proclaimed national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs) to be the primary mechanisms for the implementation of the Convention and its Strategic Plan. Article 6(a) of the CBD requires all Parties to develop an NBSAP. The strategy is meant to be a roadmap for how the country intends to fulfil the objectives of the Convention in light of its specific national circumstances. The related action plan will constitute the sequence of steps to be taken to meet the goals of the strategy. The development of the NBSAP in accordance with Article 6(a) is the cornerstone for fulfilling the requirement of Article 6(b) to mainstream biodiversity and the three objectives of the CBD. This should occur across all sectors of government, economic sectors and involve other actors who have an impact on biodiversity, through relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies. NBSAPs developed in isolation from other sectoral policies and programmes will be ineffective in protecting biodiversity and the integrity of critical ecosystem functions.

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