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  • Collection Island and Ocean Ecosystems
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Iá mai i ou aáu Amerika Samoa e manaia i lau taumafa
Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Craig, Joshua

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Grant, Kelly

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Iose, Pamela

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Porter, Mary Jane

Conservation : WWF International
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
In less than a century ago, Ethiopia was covered by more than half with dense rainforest. Today, only 5% remain resulting in famines causing thousands to perish every day. To achieve a sustainable use of national resources, the World Wildlife Fund mobilised the strongest worldwide support for conservation, working within 130 countries and supporting over 200 National Parks around the world. As an example of its success, WWF worked in collaboration with the Indian Government establishing a dozen reserves for "Project Tiger" which saved the 'Bengol Tiger' from extinction. Its population is now believed to have dropped from 4,000 to 1,800, occuring at an extremely high rate. Conservation Treaties and International Conventions greatly aid the WWF cause in preserving wildlife by forbidding trade of endangered plants and animals.
'Seawatch' PSAs
Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Department of Marine & Wildlife Resources

A bi-lingual presentation with 7 themes to help preserve marine resources such as crayfish, lobsters, and clams. In addition to being harvested at such early stages prohibiting further breeding to increase their population, their habitats are continuously destroyed and hampered with by man's activities. These activities, such as the use of dynamites to catch fish, catching lobsters and clams too small and not within the legal size limit. Waste disposal into the sea destroys habitats while using bleach, the wrong mesh size, and removing corals, all contribute to a decrease in population for these sea creatures. This was a featured presentation by the Department of Marine & Wildlife Resources of American Samoa, in an attempt to address these issues through the use of public television.
The Green Blue: making the environment second nature
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Cold-water coral reefs: out of sight-no longer out of mind
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Tigerpaper: Regional Quarterly Bulletin on Wildlife and National Parks Management
Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (RAP)

Counting the potential cost of deep sea-bed mining to Fiji
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Binney, Jim

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Fleming, Dr Chris

2016
Fiji has been identified as one of the countries most vulnerable to declines in reef condition due to the high dependence on reef systems for key industries (tourism and fishing). Much of the waters of Fiji and adjacent international waters include highly prospective deposits of copper, gold, zinc, silver and chemical elements. Extracting these resources is only now becoming feasible due to technological advances in Deep Seabed Mining (DSM). A large area of Fiji’s waters is now subject to DSM exploration licenses. But very little is known of the risks DSM creates for key marine ecosystem services and the industries that reply on those services for both income and employment (e.g. tourism and fishing). This desktop study seeks to identify, scope and broadly estimate the potential costs to Fiji associated with DSM. Only once those costs are understood, can Fiji confidently make robust policy decision about the amount, location and management of DSM within its waters.
Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A critical appraisal of catches and ecosystem impacts
Island and Ocean Ecosystems

Pauly, Daniel (ed.)

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Zeller, Dirk (ed.)

2016
Until now, there has been only one source of data on global fishery catches: information reported to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations by member countries. An extensive, ten-year study conducted by The Sea Around Us Project of the University of British Columbia shows that this catch data is fundamentally misleading. Many countries underreport the amount of fish caught (some by as much as 500%), while others such as China significantly overreport their catches. The Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries is the first and only book to provide accurate, country-by-country fishery data. This groundbreaking information has been gathered from independent sources by the world’s foremost fisheries experts, and edited by Daniel Pauly and Dirk Zeller of the Sea Around Us Project. The Atlas includes one-page reports on 273 countries and their territories, plus fourteen topical global chapters. National reports describe the state of the country's fishery, by sector; the policies, politics, and social factors affecting it; and potential solutions. The global chapters address cross-cutting issues, from the economics of fisheries to the impacts of mariculture. Extensive maps and graphics offer attractive and accessible visual representations. While it has long been clear that the world’s oceans are in trouble, the lack of reliable data on fishery catches has obscured the scale, and nuances, of the crisis. The atlas shows that, globally, catches have declined rapidly since the 1980s, signaling an even more critical situation than previously understood. The Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries provides a comprehensive picture of our current predicament and steps that can be taken to ease it. For researchers, students, fishery managers, professionals in the fishing industry, and all others concerned with the status of the world’s fisheries, the Atlas will be an indispensable resource.
An invasive ant distribution database to support biosecurity risk analysis in the Pacific
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB

Burne, Allan R.

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Cooling, Meghan

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Gruber, Monica A.

2017
Invasive species are one of the most serious threats to biodiversity. Up-to-date and accurate information on the distribution of invasive species is an important biosecurity risk analysis tool. Several databases are available to determine the distributions of invasive species and native species. However, keeping this information current is a real challenge. Ants are among the most widespread invasive species. Five species of ants are listed in the IUCN list of damaging invasive species, and many other species are also invasive in the Pacific. We sought to determine and update the distribution information for the 18 most problematic invasive ant species in the Pacific to assist in Small Island Developing States with risk analysis. We compared the information on six public databases, conducted a literature review, and contacted experts on invasive ants in the Pacific region to resolve conflicting information. While most public records were accurate we found some new records had not yet been incorporated into the public databases, and some information was inaccurate. The maintenance of public databases faces an enormous challenge in balancing completeness (~15 000 ant species in this case) with accuracy (the impossibility of constantly surveying) and utility.
Interactions between sea-level rise and wave exposure on reef island dynamics in the Solomon Islands
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Albert, Simon

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Church, John A.

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Gibbes, Badin R.

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Grinham, Alistair R.

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Leon, Javier X.

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Woodroffe, Colin D.

2016
Low-lying reef islands in the Solomon Islands provide a valuable window into the future impacts of global sea-level rise. Sea-level rise has been predicted to cause widespread erosion and inundation of low-lying atolls in the central Pacific. However, the limited research on reef islands in the western Pacific indicates the majority of shoreline changes and inundation to date result from extreme events, seawalls and inappropriate development rather than sea-level rise alone. Here, we present the first analysis of coastal dynamics from a sea-level rise hotspot in the Solomon Islands. Using time series aerial and satellite imagery from 1947 to 2014 of 33 islands, along with historical insight from local knowledge, we have identified five vegetated reef islands that have vanished over this time period and a further six islands experiencing severe shoreline recession. Shoreline recession at two sites has destroyed villages that have existed since at least 1935, leading to community relocations. Rates of shoreline recession are substantially higher in areas exposed to high wave energy, indicating a synergistic interaction between sea-level rise and waves. Understanding these local factors that increase the susceptibility of islands to coastal erosion is critical to guide adaptation responses for these remote Pacific communities.

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