The Value of Offshore Marine Protected Areas for Open Ocean Habitats and Species.

Abstract

This paper reviews the value of, especially, no-take marine rotected areas (MPAs), specifically for protecting offshore areas. It describes open ocean habitats and explores the question of whether offshore MPAs can be effective in helping to ensure the future of the open ocean’s pelagic and benthic habitats and species including large, wide-ranging and migratory fauna that inhabit all depths of the ocean.