France in the South Pacific : power and politics

Abstract

France in the South Pacific Power and Politics France in the South Pacific Power and Politics Denise Fisher Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://epress.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Fisher, Denise, author.

 Title: France in the South Pacific : power and politics / Denise Fisher. ISBN: 9781922144942 (paperback) 9781922144959 (eBook) Notes: Includes bibliographical references. Subjects: France--Foreign relations--Oceania. Oceania--Foreign relations--France. France--Foreign relations--New Caledonia. New Caledonia--Foreign relations--France. Dewey Number: 327.44095 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2013 ANU E Press Contents Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii List of maps, figures and tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Glossary and acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Maps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Part I — France in the Pacific to the 1990s 1. The French Pacific presence to World War II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2. France manages independence demands and nuclear testing 1945–1990s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3. Regional diplomatic offensive 1980s–1990s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Part II — France in the Pacific: 1990s to present 4. New Caledonia: Implementation of the Noumea Accord and political evolution from 1998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5. French Polynesia: Autonomy or independence?. . . . . . . . . . . 179 6. France’s engagement in the region from the 1990s: France, its collectivities, the European Union and the region. . . 191 Part III — France in the Pacific: Present and future 7. French motivations in the Pacific. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 8. France’s future role in the region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Appendix 1. Wording of Noumea Accord and 1999 Organic Law on Restricted Electorates. . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Appendix 2. Principal statutory measures and proposals: New