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In 2010, Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) adopted the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 20112020, and its 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets, to catalyze national and international conservation efforts and reverse negative biodiversity trends

Brooks, T M

Butchart, S H M

Langhammer P F

Marnewick, D

Vergara, S

Visconti, P

Watson, J E M

Yanosky, A

2020

The future of resilience-based management in coral reef ecosystems.

Anthony, Kenneth R.N

Beeden, Roger

Graham, Nicholas A.J

Heron, Scott F

Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove

Jupiter, Stacy

MacGowan, Petra

Mangubhai, Sangeeta

Marshall, Nadine

Marshall, Paul A

Maynard, Jeffrey

McClanahan, Tim R

Mcleod, Elizabeth

Mcleod, Karen

Mumby, Peter J

Nystrom, Magnus

Obura, David

Parker, Britt

Possingham, High P

Salm, Rodney V

Tamelander, Jerker

Resilience underpins the sustainability of both ecological and social systems. Extensive loss of reef corals following recent mass bleaching events have challenged the notion that support of system resilience is a viable reef management strategy.

Guidelines for using a global standard for the identification of key biodiversity areas.

International Union for Nature Conservation (IUCN)

Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) are sites that contribute significantly to the global persistence of biodiversity. The criteria used to identify KBAs incorporate elements of biodiversity across genetic, species and ecosystem levels, and are applicable to terrestrial, freshwater, marine and subterranean systems.

Using the mitigation hierarchy to manage impacts on biodiversity in Pacific island countries and territories = Renforcer la hiérarchie datténuation1dans les Etats et Territoires Insulaires Océaniens.

The mitigation hierarchy (MH) is a step-by-step tool used to limit the negative impacts of development projects. It can be used for many disciplines; this guidance note focuses on its use to manage risks and impacts to biodiversity. Very similar approaches can be used for ecosystem services and even social impacts.

Climate change, coral loss, and the curious case of the parrotfish paradigm: why don't marine protected areas improve reef resilience?

Scientists have advocated for local interventions, such as creating marine protected areas and implementing fishery restrictions, as ways to mitigate local stressors to limit the effects of climate change on reef-building corals

The IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas Oceania. Newsletter No. 2 2019.

International Union for Conservation of Nature.

World Commission on Protected Areas.

Critical issues for all meetings will be the global effort in the remaining 18 months to achieve the 2020 Aichi Targets of the CBD. Target 11 is of particular importance to WCPA and indeed we would argue it is the fundamental goal to achieve biodiversity and underpins many other goals.

Mainstreaming biodiversity - a review of national strategies.

Fernadez, M

Marques, A

Navarro, L M

Rotlan-Puig, X

Schroter, M

Whitehorn, P R

Biodiversity is suffering dramatic declines across the globe, threatening the ability of ecosystems to provide the services on which humanity depends. Mainstreaming biodiversity into the plans, strategies and policies of dif-different economic sectors is key to reversing these declines.

The history of the aerial application of rodenticide in New Zealand

Broome, K.

Garden, P.

McClelland, P.

Following the incursion of rats (Rattus rattus) on Taukihepa (Big South Cape Island; 93.9 km²) off southern New Zealand in 1963, and the subsequent extirpation of several endemic species, the New Zealand Wildlife Service realised that, contrary to general belief at the time, introduced predators do not reach a natural balance with native species and that a safe breeding habitat for an increasing number of at risk species was urgently needed. Off shore islands offered the best option for providing predator free habitat but there was a limited number of predator-free islands available and most were very small. Eradicating rodents on larger islands to provide a wider range and greater area of habitats was required and hand treating these larger areas using trapping and hand application of toxicants, the only methods available at the time, proved problematic and often impossible. Helicopters had been used to distribute bait for the control of rabbits and brushtail possums in the past but eradication of any particular predator species was considered not feasible. The development of a GPS-based aircraft guidance system, a suitable bait product, specialised bait delivery systems and second-generation anti-coagulant toxicants changed that. Now islands as large as South Georgia (3,900 km²) have been treated using this method

Successes and failures of rat eradications on tropical islands: a comparative review of eight recent projects

Brown, D.

Cranwell, S.

Cuthbert, R.J.

Griffiths, R.

Howald, G.

Keitt, B.

Pitt, W.C.

Tershy, B.

Wegmann, A.

Rat eradication is a highly effective tool for conserving biodiversity, but one that requires considerable planning eff ort, a high level of precision during implementation and carries no guarantee of success. Overall, rates of success are generally high but lower for tropical islands where most biodiversity is at risk. We completed a qualitative comparative review on four successful and four unsuccessful tropical rat eradication projects to better understand the factors influencing the success of tropical rat eradications and shed light on how the risk of future failures can be minimised. Observations of juvenile rats surviving more than four weeks after bait application on two islands validate the previously considered theoretical risk that unweaned rats can remain isolated from exposure to rodent bait for a period. Juvenile rats emerging after bait was no longer readily available may have been the cause of some or all the project failures. The elevated availability of natural resources (primarily fruiting or seeding plants) generated by rainfall prior to project implementation(documented for three of the unsuccessful projects) may also have contributed to project failure by reducing the likelihood that all rats would consume sufficient rodent bait or compounding other factors such as rodent breeding. Our analysis highlights that rat eradication can be achieved on tropical islands but suggests that events that cannot be predicted with certainty in some tropical regions can act individually or in concert to reduce the likelihood of project success. We recommend research to determine the relative importance of these factors in the fate of future tropical projects and suggest that existing practices be re-evaluated for tropical island rodent eradications.

House mice on islands: management and lessons from New Zealand

Birmingham,C.

Broome, K.

Brown, D.

Brown, K.

Corson, P.

Cox, A.

Golding, C.

Griffiths, R.

Murphy, E.