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Introduction to the Marine Species Programme
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2023
The Pacific Islands Regional Marine Species Programme (Marine Species Programme, or PIRMSP) is a regional strategy for the cooperative conservation and management of dugongs, marine turtles, whales and dolphins, sharks and rays, and seabirds. The programme is designed to support SPREP Pacific island countries and territories, excluding metropolitan countries, through a series of action plans. For more information, and to download the programme
Strandings of Oceania database webinar
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2023
The aim of the database is to provide a standardised reporting system across the Pacific and complement existing national data sets. We are using Flukebook for the database which is available in English and French. Flukebook can be used to submit, view, and explore data, however an account is needed. Please get in touch with Karen Baird or Hannah Hendriks for an account.
Dugongs in the Pacific: Presentation
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Dr Shaw, Christina

2022
Presentation on Dugongs in the Pacific during the Launch of the Pacific Regional Marine Species Programme Action Plan 2022-2026
Pacific Islands Regional Marine Species Programme (PIRMSP) 2022-2026
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2022
The Pacific islands region served by SPREP covers 32 million km2 within the largest continuous marine habitat on the planet, the Pacific Ocean. The region is home to a diverse range of large marine species, including cetaceans (whales and dolphins), sirenians (dugong), testudines (marine turtles), elasmobranchs (sharks and rays), and seabirds.
The Important Marine Mammal area Network: A Tool for Systematic Spatial Planning in Response to the Marine Mammal Habitat Conservation Crisis
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2022
The Important Marine Mammal Areas (IMMAs) initiative was launched by the Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature in 2016, as a response to a conservation crisis in the protection of marine mammals and wider global ocean biodiversity.
Deep sea mining: a brief summary of potential impacts on marine mammals
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Childerhouse, Simon

,

Paton, Dave

2021
It is a relatively a new technology globally with considerable uncertainty regarding the potential for environmental impacts. There are currently no recognised international best practice guidelines for minimising or mitigating environmental impacts.
Trialling gene drives to control invasive species: what, where and how?
Available Online

Alphey, L.

,

Campbell, K.

,

Edgington, M.

,

Harvey-Samuel, T.

2019
The control of invasive species would be enhanced through the addition of novel, more effective and sustainable pest management methods. One control option yet to be trialled in the field is to deploy transgene-based ‘Gene Drives’: technologies which force the inheritance of a genetic construct through the gene pool of a wild population, suppressing it or replacing it with a less harmful form. There is considerable interest in applying gene drives to currently intractable invasives across a broad taxonomic range. However, not all species will make efficient or safe targets for these technologies. Additionally, the safety and efficacy of these systems will vary according to where they are deployed, the specific molecular design chosen, and how these factors interact with the ecology of the target pest. Given the transformative but also controversial nature of gene drives, it is imperative that their first field trials are able to successfully demonstrate that they can be used safely and efficiently. Here, we discuss how to maximise the probability of this outcome through considering three important questions: What types of invasive species should we use to trial gene drives? Where should we be trialling them? and How should these trials be conducted? In particular, we focus on the ecological, genetic and geographic features of small, isolated islands which make them ideal locations for these initial trials. A case study of an island invasive that is deemed highly appropriate for gene drive intervention, and for which gene drive development is currently underway (Mus musculus), is used to further explore these concepts
Bot meets whale: best practices for mitigating negative interactions between marine mammals and microrovs.
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Asha de Vos

,

Fretz, D

,

Parsons, E C M

,

Rose, N A

,

Smith, C

,

Thaler, A

2019
Low-cost, portable, observation-class, underwater remotely operated vehicles (microROVs), whichcan be transported and operated by a single user, are increasingly common tools in scientific,industrial, commercial, and recreational ocean application.
The impacts of introduced house mice on the breeding success of nesting seabirds on Gough Island
BRB
Available Online

Bond, Alexander L.

,

Caravaggi, Anthony

,

Cooper, John

,

Cuthber, Richard J.

,

Ryan, Peter G.

2018
Invasive species are the main threat to island biodiversity; seabirds are particularly vulnerable and are one of the most threatened groups of birds. Gough Island, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the South Atlantic Ocean, is an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area, and one of the most important seabird colonies globally. Invasive House Mice Mus musculus depredate eggs and chicks of most seabird species on the island, but the extent of their impact has not been quantified. We used field data and bootstrapped normal distributions to estimate breeding success and the number of surviving chicks for 10 seabird species on Gough Island, and compared estimates with those of analogous species from predator-free islands. We examined the effects of season and nest-site location on the breeding success of populations on Gough Island, predicting that the breeding success of Gough birds would be lower than that of analogues, particularly among small burrownesting species. We also predicted that winter-breeding species would exhibit lower breeding success than summer-breeding species, because mice have fewer alternative food sources in winter; and below-ground nesters would have lower breeding success than surface nesters, as below-ground species are smaller so their chicks are easier prey for mice. We did indeed find that seabirds on Gough Island had low breeding success compared with analogues, losing an estimated 1 739 000 (1 467 000–2 116 000) eggs/ chicks annually. Seven of the 10 focal species on Gough Island had particularly high chick mortality and may have been subject to intense mouse predation. Below-ground and winter breeders had lower breeding success than surface- and summer-breeders. MacGillivray’s Prion Pachyptila macgillivrayi, Atlantic Petrel Pterodroma incerta and Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena are endemic or near-endemic to Gough Island and are likely to be driven to extinction if invasive mice are not removed.
Eradication of mice from Antipodes Island, New Zealand
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Elliott, G.

,

Greene, T.

,

Horn, S.

2019
In winter 2016, the New Zealand Department of Conservation (DOC) eradicated mice (Mus musculus) from the Antipodes Islands located at 49°S 178°E, 760 km south-east of New Zealand’s South Island. Mice were the only mammalian pest species present. They have extensively impacted the abundance and survival of invertebrates, with likely secondary impacts on endemic terrestrial birds and nesting seabird fauna. Public-private partnerships with DOC instigated the project and provided essential financial support. Baseline scientific data for operational planning and outcome monitoring were collected by a research expedition in July 2013 and project planning began in 2014. At the time of writing, this is the largest eradication of mice undertaken where mice are the sole mammalian pest species. Logistical challenges were complicated by a broad range of regulatory obligations. The expedition-style project used a ship to deliver a team and equipment to Antipodes Island where they established camp and remained until the completion of baiting. Bait spread was completed incrementally as weather allowed, comprehensively covering the islands in two separate treatments between 18 June 2016 and 12 July 2016. The last sign of mice was detected 20 days after the fi rst application of bait and the eradication of mice was confirmed by monitoring in late summer 2018. Public engagement was achieved with regular operational updates across multiple platforms and positive media coverage. Non-toxic bait trials accurately predicted some by-kill of pipit (Anthus novaeseelandiae steindachneri) but did not anticipate poisoning of some Antipodes parakeet (Cyanoramphus unicolor) and Reischek’s parakeet (Cyanoramphus hochstetteri). Known pest-free islands were not baited, providing refuge for land birds to mitigate the risk. Fledging success of Antipodean albatross (Diomedea antipodensis antipodensis) chicks was not impacted by the operation and those species that were affected had recovered by summer 2018.

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