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Faster Ocean Warming Threatens Richest areas of Marine Biodiversity
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Brown, Stuart C.

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Fordham, Damien, A

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Lorenzen, Eline D

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Mellin, Camille

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Molinos, Jorge Garcia

2022
The vulnerability of marine biodiversity to accelerated rates of climatic change is poorly understood.
15 Issues that could greatly Impact Marine and Coastal Biodiversity
Available Online
2022
Researchers have listed fifteen areas of concern, emphasizing the need to tackle these issues. Examples include the mining of lithium form the deep sea, exploitation of species found in deep waters and the unforeseen effects of wildfires across different ecosystems.
A Review of the Status of Sea Turtles in the Pacific Ocean 2021
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Nicolas J. Pilcher

2021
This status review is a compilation of the most recent literature and statistics on the status of sea turtles in the Pacific Ocean region, providing a clearer understanding of the risks to sea turtles and their habitats. It presents a summary of the relevant (published) literature and knowledge about sea turtle reproductive biology, movements, and connectivity, and presents these alongside relevant threats that, in combination, are pertinent to understanding the status of sea turtle populations in the Pacific Ocean. This knowledge will be incorporated into a risk extinction model for sea turtles in the Pacific, to be used at national and regional levels to develop effective management and conservation programmes to ensure that sea turtles continue to play their important ecological roles and continue to be part of local customs and traditions. The activity was funded by the SPREP-led By-catch and Integrated Ecosystem Management (BIEM) Initiative of the Pacific-European Union Marine Partnership (PEUMP) programme funded by the European Union and the Government of Sweden
International Environmental Law
Environmental Monitoring and Governance, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Dupuy, Pierre-Marie

2019
This book is an attempt to address two main difficulties we have encountered in our teaching and practice of international environmental law. One is of a substantive nature and stems from the daunting reach and diversity of the subject matter. No other area of international law gives the newcomer such an impression of dispersion, lack of articulation, even exoticism. The topics gathered under the label international environmental law range from the protection of wetlands or whales or genetic resources to nuclear energy, ozone depletion or hazardous waste control.
Convention of migratory species : Third meeting of the signatories to the memorandum of understanding for the conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands Region
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2012
A report on the convention on migratory species for the conservation of cetaceans and their habitats in the Pacific Islands region
Pacific low island environments
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2014
Low islands in the Pacific Ocean that are far from continets started as underwater vocanoes. The lava from the volcano rose above the ocean surface became an island with high hills or mountains.
Our low island home - pace-based resources for Pacific Island schools
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online
2014
There are low and high islands in the Pacific Ocean. All islands have some of the same environments (kinds of places such as coral reff, open ocean and forests)
Rebuilding marine life
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Duarte, C M. Agusti, S. Barbier, E. et al

2020
Sustainable development Goal 14 of the United Nations aims to "conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development". Achieving this goal will require rebuilding the marine life-support system that deliver the many benefits that society receives from a healthy ocean. Here we document the recovery of marine population, habitats and ecosystems following past conservation interventions. Mitigating the major pressures like climate change could help in achieving structure and functional marine life by 2050. By rebuilding marine life represents a doable Grand Challenge for humanity, an ethical obligation and a smart economic ojective to achieve a sustainable future.
Could COVID-19 help to protect the Pacific's fisheries?
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Donoghue, Michael

2020
In mist of the COVID-19 pandemic, less fishing boats have been seen on the ocean. This enforces break in fishing, pressure will clearly benefit the snapper population as it is the most popular table fish for both commercial and amateur fishers for northern North Island in New Zealand. Much have been said about the potential benefits for wildlife from the COVID-19 global epidemic; some of the endangered species have come out of hiding and are seen in some cities in countries that on the lockdown eg. coyotes have been seen on the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, wild boar are becoming more bolder in Barcelona and Bergamo and many other animals that have temporarily inhabit cities that are on the lockdown. Instead of Small Island Developments States, Pcaific Islands leaders see themselves as Large Ocean States and are unitied in their vision of a Blue Continent. Since the Pacific Island contain most of the world's most valuable tuna fishery and is worth USD 40 billions, it is seen that some foreigner fishing boats have been illegally fishing in the economic zone of the Pacific Regions. This is why the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea has proved to be inadequate to enable sustainable management of fish stocks. The Organisation Global FIshing Watch tracks the movements of hundereds and thousands of fishing vessels around the world. It may be possible in a post-COVID world to achieve more sustainale global fisheries including in the Pacific Island, if nations agree on the need for better monitoring and management effort. Let's hope that enough decision-makers are able to implement some serious conservations measures in the coming months, before everyone sinks back into full-tilt exploitation of the ocean and it resources.
Canna seabird recovery project: 10 years on
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online
2019
Rats were eradicated in 2005–2006 from the islands of Canna and Sanday, Scotland (total area 1,320 ha). Poison bait was laid from December 2005 onwards and the last rat was killed in February 2006. An intensive period of monitoring over the next two years con?rmed that no rats remained on the islands. Seabirds have been monitored on Canna for nearly 50 years and some species have shown good evidence of recovery since the eradication. Other species have not recovered and this may have been due to mortality caused by food shortages or storm events which have been impacting seabirds in the region. These regional changes in pressures affecting the seabird populations make the interpretation of the impacts of the rat eradication programme much more difficult. Atlantic puffins, formerly con?ned to off shore stacks, have recolonised sites on the mainland of Canna and a count of over 2,000 was recorded in 2016. Manx shearwaters, which had ceased nesting in the monitored colony have made a slow recovery to one or two pairs in 2016. Productivity has also increased from a low of 0.2 chicks per nest in the 1990s to 0.74 in 2017. European shags nesting in boulder colonies were most susceptible to rat predation. One such colony has recovered from 45 nests in 2005 to 75 in 2016 and productivity increased from less than 0.7 chicks per nest to an average of 1.6 following eradication. Populations of shags nesting in cliff locations have shown no recovery or have declined. Mew gulls, which nest along the shoreline, have increased from ?ve to over 30 pairs. Other seabirds, such as common guillemots and black-legged kittiwakes, have shown no clear trends and are probably affected by other factors. Rabbit populations have increased on both islands, reaching an estimated 15,500 animals in 2013 that were causing considerable damage through grazing, erosion, and disturbance of archaeological remains. It is unclear whether the increase in rabbit numbers can be attributed to rat eradication. An intensive control programme has brought the rabbit population under control. While some seabirds have responded positively to the rat eradication, the response of some has been slow and others have not responded, probably as a result of regional pressures on their survival. It is important that monitoring of both seabirds and rabbits continues to track the success of this important seabird colony.

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