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PRISMSS Triannual Newsletter - December 2023
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Pacific Regional Invasive Species Management Support Service (PRISMSS)

2023
In July SPREP signed a new Grant Funding Arrangement with the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to provide further support to PRISMSS and PRISMSS activities in the region. The project PRISMSS-Restoring Island Resilience will take place up until mid-2026 and spend over NZD 20 million providing much needed human resources to both manage the PRISMSS and coordinate the PRISMSS programmes, develop further multi-country projects, continue with the mainstreaming activities and research initiatives, and invest in scaling up all five PRISMSS programmes across the region. The SPREP Invasive Species Adviser will continue to provide oversight and advice. We look forward to introducing you to the new team in 2024.
The Guiding Framework for Invasive Species Management in the Pacific
SPREP Publications, Climate Change Resilience, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

2023
The purpose of the Guiding Framework is to support anyone or any institution planning and implementing invasive species projects or programmes on islands in the Pacific. To this end, this document lists the essential components of a comprehensive and effective invasive species management programme. It has been compiled in consultation with experts and Pacific Island countries and territories, to support them in developing their invasive species work and to guide regional and international agencies. The Guiding Framework has been endorsed by all countries and territories in the Pacific islands region and the metropolitan countries with jurisdictional responsibilities in the Pacific via the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) and Pacific Community (SPC) Meetings.
Managing Invasive Species to Create a Great Green Line of Defence for the Pacific
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Menzies, Steve

2022
Managing Invasive Species to Create a Great Green Line of Defense for the Pacific. Controlling invasive species is one of the most effective tool for restoring island resilience.
PRISMSS Triannual Newsletter - April 2023
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Pacific Regional Invasive Species Management Support Service (PRISMSS)

2023
The PRISMSS team and partners have had a very busy start to 2023, with borders now open and allowing the delivery of in-country operational and technical support in the region. A one-week meeting was held at the PRISMSS headquarters at SPREP, Apia, which brought together the PRISMSS partners and affiliates to discuss key risks, issues, and opportunities for PRISMSS, and share an understanding of partners roles and responsibilities moving forward. With those matters being scrutinized, 2023 is already looking very exciting and we are looking forward to connecting again with the Battlers on the ground to address their priority needs in the invasive species management space.
PRISMSS Newsletter - April 2022
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online
2022
Welcome to 2022. Your PRISMSS team has continued to progress the development of systems and processes to improve assistance to the Pacific for the five PRISMSS programmes. These systems will allow for streamlined requests and assistance with PRISMSS partners, the storage and retrieval of country specific and programme specific information and allow for analysis at a greater and more beneficial level for countries, PRISMSS and donors. PRISMSS will once again host the upcoming Battler Lounge Session in April. This will focus the Natural Enemies -Natural Solutions Programme and the benefits to climate change adaptation. This will also initiate a process to determine high priority widespread weeds at the regional level to focus on for the development of natural enemy opportunities for the future. Lets look forward to 2022 and the increased opportunities that may come with it.
Launch of the Pacific Battler Lounge 2020
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP)

2020
The launch of the Pacific Battler Lounge on November 27, 2020 also announced the fourth Pacific Battler of the Year for 2020 during the 10th Pacific Islands Conference on Nature Conservation and Protected Areas.
Regional Invasive Species Mainstreaming Strategy (2021 -2024)
SPREP Publications, Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Menzies, Steve

2021
In this video, Steve Menzies of Flinch Marketing introduces the invasive species Mainstreaming Strategies and invited feedbacks from the audience through the use of Mentimeter.
Canna seabird recovery project: 10 years on
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online
2019
Rats were eradicated in 2005–2006 from the islands of Canna and Sanday, Scotland (total area 1,320 ha). Poison bait was laid from December 2005 onwards and the last rat was killed in February 2006. An intensive period of monitoring over the next two years con?rmed that no rats remained on the islands. Seabirds have been monitored on Canna for nearly 50 years and some species have shown good evidence of recovery since the eradication. Other species have not recovered and this may have been due to mortality caused by food shortages or storm events which have been impacting seabirds in the region. These regional changes in pressures affecting the seabird populations make the interpretation of the impacts of the rat eradication programme much more difficult. Atlantic puffins, formerly con?ned to off shore stacks, have recolonised sites on the mainland of Canna and a count of over 2,000 was recorded in 2016. Manx shearwaters, which had ceased nesting in the monitored colony have made a slow recovery to one or two pairs in 2016. Productivity has also increased from a low of 0.2 chicks per nest in the 1990s to 0.74 in 2017. European shags nesting in boulder colonies were most susceptible to rat predation. One such colony has recovered from 45 nests in 2005 to 75 in 2016 and productivity increased from less than 0.7 chicks per nest to an average of 1.6 following eradication. Populations of shags nesting in cliff locations have shown no recovery or have declined. Mew gulls, which nest along the shoreline, have increased from ?ve to over 30 pairs. Other seabirds, such as common guillemots and black-legged kittiwakes, have shown no clear trends and are probably affected by other factors. Rabbit populations have increased on both islands, reaching an estimated 15,500 animals in 2013 that were causing considerable damage through grazing, erosion, and disturbance of archaeological remains. It is unclear whether the increase in rabbit numbers can be attributed to rat eradication. An intensive control programme has brought the rabbit population under control. While some seabirds have responded positively to the rat eradication, the response of some has been slow and others have not responded, probably as a result of regional pressures on their survival. It is important that monitoring of both seabirds and rabbits continues to track the success of this important seabird colony.
The Ecology of Rodents in the Tonga Islands
BRB
Available Online

Twibell, John

The influence on crop damage of Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus, and the native Polynesian rat, Rattus exulans, was studied during the establishment of a rat control program for the Tongan Department of Agriculture in 1969. This was the first long-term study of Tongan rodents. Previous scientific literature on Tongan mammals is very sparse. The Kingdom of Tonga, or Friendly Islands, consists of approximately 150 small islands with a combined area of about 256 square miles at lat 21 0 S. The majority of these islands are composed of raised coral limestone ; however, there is a row of six volcanic islands on Tonga's western border. Tongatapu, the location of the government center, is the largest and most important island. The Ha'apai island group lies 80 miles north of Tongatapu, and 150 miles north is the Vava'u group. Fiji is 420 nautical miles east and Samoa is 480 miles north. The climate is tropical and is influenced seasonally by trade winds. Since Captain Cook's first visit in 1773, Western civilization has brought trade, missionaries, and perhaps rats to Tonga. With this shipping came numerous introduced plants and animals. The arrival dates for the common rat, Rattus norvegicus, and the "European" roof rat, Rattus rattus, are not known, but are believed to be more recent, probably since the increase of regular shipping trade and the construction of wharves. Presently rodents account for approximately 20 percent of the agricultural losses and $50,000 worth of economic loss each year (Twibell, unpublished). This is a conservative estimate based on damage counts and observation. In some areas rats destroy or damage up to 50 percent of the coconuts, which represent the main economic crop in Tonga. THE INFLUENCE on crop damage of Rattus norvegicus, Rattus rattus, and the native Polynesian rat, Rattus exulans, was studied during the establishment of a rat control program for the Tongan Department of Agriculture in 1969. This was the first long-term study of Tongan rodents. Previous scientific literature on Tongan mammals is very sparse. The Kingdom of Tonga, or Friendly Islands, consists of approximately 150 small islands with a combined area of about 256 square miles at lat 21 0 S. The majority of these islands are composed of raised coral limestone ; however, there is a row of six volcanic islands on Tonga's western border. Tongatapu, the location of the government center, is the largest and most important island. The Ha'apai island group lies 80 miles north of Tongatapu, and 150 miles north is the Vava'u group. Fiji is 420 nautical miles east and Samoa is 480 miles north. The climate is tropical and is influenced seasonally by trade winds. Since Captain Cook's first visit in 1773, Western civilization has brought trade, missionaries, and perhaps rats to Tonga. With this shipping came numerous introduced plants and animals. The arrival dates for the common rat, Rattus norvegicus, and the "European" roof rat, Rattus rattus, are not known, but are believed to be more recent, probably since the increase of regular shipping trade and the construction of wharves. Presently rodents account for approximately 20 percent of the agricultural losses and $50,000 worth of economic loss each year (Twibell, unpublished). This is a conservative estimate based on damage counts and observation. In some areas rats destroy or damage up to 50 percent of the coconuts, which represent the main economic crop in Tonga.
The Isles of Scilly seabird restoration project: the eradication of brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the inhabited islands of St Agnes and Gugh, Isles of Scilly
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
Available Online

Bell, E.

,

Boyle, D.

,

Buckley, P.

,

Floyd, K.

,

Garratt, W.

,

Lock, L.

,

Mason, S.

,

McCarthy, R.

,

Pearce, J.

,

Pearson, J.

,

St Pierre, P.

,

Sugar, K.

2019
As part of the Isles of Scilly Seabird Recovery Project, and directed by Wildlife Management International Ltd, the eradication of brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the inhabited islands of St Agnes & Gugh, Isles of Scilly was completed between October 2013 and April 2014 with the assistance of volunteers, and staff from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Isles of Scilly Wildlife Trust and Natural England. Bait stations with cereal-based wax blocks containing bromadiolone at 0.005% w/w were established on a 40–50 metre grid over the island. With the presence of 85 residents on the 142 ha islands, this is the largest community-based brown rat eradication globally to date. Given the fact that a community is based on these islands, community engagement and advocacy was a vital and fundamental part of the eradication. Consultation for eradication began three years prior to the operation to explain the requirements for the proposed project and to assess support, but this built on many years of wider community engagement with seabird conservation. All of the residents supported the eradication of rats and vision of the project. The consultation and inclusion of the community in decision-making and management of the Isles of Scilly Seabird Recovery Project was a critical part of the operation and key to the success of the eradication. The community took ownership of the project and has committed to the on-going biosecurity requirements following the eradication of rats. The removal of brown rats from St Agnes and Gugh was a major achievement and provided the opportunity to restore the islands' communities of seabirds and other native species. This project provided an example of the effectiveness of ground-based rodent eradication techniques on an inhabited island and the lessons learnt during this operation can be used to help proposed eradications on other islands with communities and with terrain suitable for ground-based techniques.

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