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‘Island’ eradication within large landscapes: the remove and protect model
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Bell, P.

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Mulgan, N.

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Nathan, H.

2019
New Zealand has been the world leader in the eradication of invasive mammalian predators from offshore islands. Today, the focus for invasive predator management is shifting to larger landscapes; big inhabited islands or the mainland itself. The most cost-effective approach in the long term will be to eradicate the predators from those areas, ensuring permanent freedom for vulnerable and threatened native biodiversity to recover or be reintroduced. Island eradication technologies cannot always be employed on the mainland (e.g. aerial brodifacoum), so a new approach is required. Zero Invasive Predators Ltd (ZIP) is a not-for-profit research and development entity, established in New Zealand through public, private, and philanthropic funding, to pioneer a novel predator management model for landscape scale application – a model known as ‘Remove and Protect’. ZIP is developing the tools and technologies to both enable the complete removal of rats, possums, and stoats from large areas of mainland New Zealand, and then protect those areas from reinvasion. Among the innovations being tested is the ‘virtual barrier’, essentially converting large peninsulas into islands without the use of traditional predator fencing (which is expensive and impractical in some terrain); and a ‘minimal infrastructure’ detection system for automated early warning of any predator incursions. We review the transformative predator management model ZIP is developing and how it could help to pave the way towards large-scale predator-free landscapes.
The history of the aerial application of rodenticide in New Zealand
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB
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Broome, K.

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Garden, P.

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McClelland, P.

2019
Following the incursion of rats (Rattus rattus) on Taukihepa (Big South Cape Island; 93.9 km²) off southern New Zealand in 1963, and the subsequent extirpation of several endemic species, the New Zealand Wildlife Service realised that, contrary to general belief at the time, introduced predators do not reach a natural balance with native species and that a safe breeding habitat for an increasing number of ‘at risk’ species was urgently needed. Off shore islands offered the best option for providing predator free habitat but there was a limited number of predator-free islands available and most were very small. Eradicating rodents on larger islands to provide a wider range and greater area of habitats was required and hand treating these larger areas using trapping and hand application of toxicants, the only methods available at the time, proved problematic and often impossible. Helicopters had been used to distribute bait for the control of rabbits and brushtail possums in the past but eradication of any particular predator species was considered ‘not feasible’. The development of a GPS-based aircraft guidance system, a suitable bait product, specialised bait delivery systems and second-generation anti-coagulant toxicants changed that. Now islands as large as South Georgia (3,900 km²) have been treated using this method