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Predation of sea turtle eggs by rats and crabs
BRB

Stokes, H., Esteban, N., Hays, G. C.

2023
Egg predation by invasive and native species may have severe impacts on endangered species and negatively affect species recovery. We assessed the levels of egg predation within green turtle (Chelonia mydas) clutches on the island of Diego Garcia (7.42°S, 72.45°E), Chagos Archipelago (Indian Ocean). Native coconut crabs (Birgus latro) and ghost crabs (Ocypode spp.), as well as introduced black rats (Rattus rattus), were predators of eggs, with these species entering nests via tunnels dug obliquely in the sand. Often whole eggs were removed from clutches. For example, the mean clutch size at oviposition (mean 127.8 eggs, n = 23, range = 74–176) was significantly larger than at the end of incubation (mean 110.9 hatched and unhatched eggs, n = 16, range = 9–147). In other cases, egg predation was recorded where the egg had been opened and contents were eaten in the nest. Overall, hatching success (the percentage of eggs laid leading to a hatchling emerging from the egg) was 64.9%, while 3.1% of eggs were predated within nests, 18.1% died during incubation without predation and 13.9% were removed. We reviewed evidence from 34 sites around the world identifying 36 predators that were either native (e.g., crabs, and goannas, n = 30) or invasive (e.g., rats, and pigs, n = 8). Depending on location, a predator could be identified as both native and invasive (e.g., dogs). We discuss how either nest protection and/or invasive predator eradication may be used to increase egg survival and when these approaches might be used.
Évaluation Environnementale Stratègique (ÉES) Directives Pour Les États Et Territories Insulaires Ocèaniens
SPREP Publications, Environmental Monitoring and Governance
Available Online
2020
SEA by its nature, covers a wider range of activities. This is a key difference between EIA and SEA with the latter usually applied to a wider area and often over a longer time span than the EIS of projects.
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) report : Neiafu Master Plan, Vava'u, Kingdom of Tonga
Available Online

Morgan, Dr. Richard K.

,

Onorio, Komeri

1996
This report presents the results of a strategic environmental assessment of the development projects that have been proposed for the town of Neiafu, on the island of 'Uta Vava'u, Tonga, as part of the Vava'u Development Programme. The various project proposals have been described in the Neiafu Master Plan, accordingly, no details of the individual proposals are given in this assessment.
Response to an oil spill from a sunken WWII oil tanker in Yap State, Micronesia

Gilber, Trevor

,

Nawadra, Sefanaia

,

Tafileichig, Andy

,

Yinug, Leonard

2002
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) : Guidelines for Pacific Island countries and territories
SPREP Publications, Environmental Monitoring and Governance
Available Online
2020
SEA by its nature, covers a wider range of activities. This is a key difference between EIA and SEA with the latter usually applied to a wider area and often over a longer time span than the EIS of projects.
Strategic environmental assessment for invasive species management on inhabited islands.
BRB
Available Online

Russel, J.

,

Taylor, C.

2019
Over the past decade the challenges of managing invasive species on inhabited islands have clearly become limiting factors to scaling-up the area of invasive species eradications. Step-change is required to unleash the conservation and restoration potential of biodiversity on inhabited islands around the globe and avoid the pitfalls previous attempts to eradicate invasive species on inhabited islands have fallen into. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is a systematic decision support process, aiming to ensure that environmental and other sustainability aspects are considered effectively throughout policy, plan and programme making. Within the framework of SEAs, on target islands eradication planners could implement a number of tools including stakeholder engagement, social impact assessment and economic cost benefit analysis alongside existing environmental impact assessment. Such a suite of assessments captures the immediate impacts of an eradication operation on a range of values, alongside predicted long-term changes in these tightly coupled socio-ecological systems. In this paper we outline what SEA is, and then contrast invasive species management attempts occurring outside an SEA framework on two similar but also contrasting UNESCO World Heritage islands; Lord Howe Island, Australia and Fernando de Noronha, Brazil. We then demonstrate how an SEA approach to invasive species management would assist planning in New Zealand to eradicate introduced mammalian predators from two large off shore islands in New Zealand; Aotea (Great Barrier Island) and Rakiura (Stewart Island). We conclude with future prospects for applying SEA to invasive species management on inhabited islands.
Strategic environmental assessment and potential future shoreline impacts of the oil spill from WWII shipwreck Hoyo Maru Chuuk lagoon - Federated States of Micronesia
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, Waste Management and Pollution Control, BRB
Available Online

Gilbert, Rean Monfils

,

Gilbert, Trevor

,

Talouli, Anthony

2009
Marine pollution is widely recognised as one of the four major threats to the world’s oceans, along with habitat destruction, over-exploitation of living marine resources and invasive marine species. Spills of oil and other chemicals into the marine environment, both from ships and land-based sources, is a significant source of pollution.
A review of integrated environmental assessment and planning procedures in Pacific island countries
Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

McIntyre Matt

,

Young Erin

2008
The Secretariat for Pacific Regional Environment Programme (‘SPREP’) have commissioned Cardno (Qld) Pty Ltd (‘Cardno’) to undertake a comprehensive review of integrated environmental assessment approaches and procedures in Pacific Island Countries (‘PICs’), and to provide advice on regional priorities for capacity building requirements in this regard.
A strategic environmental assessment of Fiji's tourism development plan
Environmental Monitoring and Governance, Island and Ocean Ecosystems
Available Online

Levett Roger

,

McNally Richard

2003
The Asian Development Bank (ADB), in co-operation with the Government of New Zealand is formulating the Pacific Regional Environmental Strategy. This will review major environmental challenges in the region and put forward strategic objectives and activities for ADB assistance.
Report on the Strategic Environmental Assessment Oil Spill Incident USS Mississinewa, Ulithi Lagoon, Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia : Draft, 18th September, 2001
Island and Ocean Ecosystems, Waste Management and Pollution Control
Available Online

Gilbert, Trevor

2001
Report on the Strategic Environmental Assessment Oil Spill Incident USS Mississinewa, Ulithi Lagoon, Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia : Draft, 18th September, 2001 / by Trevor Gilbert

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