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Battling Invasive Species Session

Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB

Available Online

PRISMSS

Invasive species are a key issue for biodiversity and ecosystem resilience in the Pacific. This session will take you on a journey through the Pacific with 28 Invasive Species Battler’s, experts and donors. We will update you on the current state of invasive species in the Pacific, some of their impacts, some challenges and some solutions.

Encyclopaedia of biological invasions

Rejmanek. M.

Simberloff. D

Impact summary - Biodiversity information for development

Available Online

While progress in sharing, transferring and applying scienti c knowledge about the worlds biodiversity is steadily improving, gaps in information about the distribution of the worlds biodiversity still impede elective policy decision making

Introduced species and biodiversity

Available Online

How do introduced species cause problems for biodiversity? What makes a species invasive? When humans introduce non-native species to a new environment, it can have disastrous impacts on native species and the entire ecosystem.

Biology and Impacts of Pacific Island Invasive Species. 15.Psittacula krameri, the Rose-Ringed Parakeet (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae)

Available Online

Kalodimos, N.

Shiels, A.

The rose-ringed parakeet (RRP), Psittacula krameri, has become established in at least four Pacific Island countries (Hong Kong China, Japan, New Zealand, U.S.A.), including the Hawaiian islands of Kauai, Oahu, and Hawaii. Most Pacific islands are at risk of RRP colonization. This species was first introduced to Hong Kong in 1903 and Hawaii in the 1930s1960s, established since 1969 in Japan, and in New Zealand since 2005 where it has repeatedly established after organized removals. The founding birds were imported cage-birds from the pet trade. In native India, RRP are generally found associated with human habitation and are considered a severe agricultural pest. In the Hawaiian Islands, RRP are increasing and expanding their geographic ranges below 500m elevation. Population estimates in 2018 on Kauai were ?6,800 birds, which was a three-fold increase and a 22.5% annual growth rate in the prior 6 years, whereas Oahu had ?4,560 birds with a 21% annual growth rate the prior 9 years; these rates suggest a population doubling time of ?3.5 years. Wild RRP can live 14+ years, can reproduce after 1.5 years, and have few effective predators. Breeding pairs produce 13 fledglings annually. RRP are seed predators and rarely seed dispersers; their flock-foraging behavior can result in severe damage to orchard and field agricultural crops including tropical fruit and corn (Zea mays), and such economic damages are especially pronounced on Kauai. Island societies should prevent new introductions and consider RRP deterrents and population control methods to protect resources.

Conservation education and outreach techniques.

Jacobson, S K

Mcduff, M D

Monroe, M C

Think of a challenging conservation problem you have encounters - protecting a rare species, winning support for legislation, cleaning up a river, or sustainably managing a forest.

Terminal evaluation of UN Environment project: Prevention, control and management on invasive alien species in the Pacific island.

Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB

Available Online

Thomas, Peter.

Invasive alien species represent an insidious and pervasive threat to the environmental, economic and human well-being of the Pacific islands. Pacific island ecosystems make up one of the worlds important biodiversity hotspots, with high numbers of endemic species that are particularly vulnerable to extinction due to their limited habitat and isolation.|This book is intended to serve as a practical guide, calling attention to the need to link emergencies, disasters and development, not only in policy statements, but in practical ways. The book identifies physical and social factors and processes determining disaster vulnerability and offers the reader a range of vulnerability-reduction options in development and disaster mitigation. The book covers the main relief and response technologies for a range of natural and technological disasters, and deals with community participation, health education, training and other social aspects relevant to the protection of health and the environment in emergencies and disasters.|The UNEP/GEF Prevention, Control and Management of Invasive Alien Species in the Pacific Islands project also known as the IAS project, commenced on 12 September 2012 and was due for completion on 30 September 2016, following an extension of one year. The project was designed to provide support to Pacific Island countries in their national efforts to implement the Guidelines for Invasive Species Management in the Pacific a Pacific Strategy for managing pest, weeds and other invasive species (Tye 2009) which were developed and adopted as the regional strategic framework for invasive species management in 2009. Ten Pacific Island countries originally participated in the IAS project, these being the Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga and Vanuatu. These were reduced to nine countries with the withdrawal of Papua New Guinea following the Mid-Term Review due to issues related to the countrys readiness to engage with the project. The project was therefore, responsible for delivering of support to a culturally, geographically and economic diverse set of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) spread across the vast geographical scope of the Pacific Ocean. The project was implemented by the UN Environment as the Implementing Agency (IA) and Executed by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) as the Executing Agency (EA). In-country sub projects and activities were facilitated by National Project Coordinators and overseen by national Invasive Species Coordinating Committees. Its goal "to conserve ecosystems, species and genetic diversity in the Pacific region" is broad and aspirational and is backed by the Objective "to reduce the environmental economic and human health impacts of invasive alien species in both terrestrial and marine habitats in the Pacific region". The Project consisted of 5 core components: Building foundations for sustainable Invasive Alien Species (IAS) management by generating awareness and support, building institution and human capacity and strengthening legislation, policy and protocols. Defining problems, prioritisation and decision making by improving baseline information on IAS distribution and status, establishing systems to assess risk and prioritise action and developing or utilising effective management techniques. Taking management action through improved bio-security and border protection, direct management action through eradication and application of best practice methods and restoring ecosystems after IAS management. Undertaking effective monitoring and evaluation of the project.| Establishing effective and efficient project management and governance. This Terminal Project Evaluation is undertaken by the Evaluation Office of the UN Environment in order to assess the effectiveness of the project and its likely future impact on the state of IAS management in the region and its likely impact on invasive species and the environmental health of the participating countries. Further, the report aims to discern lessons and offers recommendations which may help improve the development and implementation of similar multi-country projects in the future both in the Pacific region and globally.

Multilateral environmental agreement negotiator's handbook : Pacific region

SPREP Publications, Environmental Monitoring and Governance, BRB

Available Online

Clark, Peteru

Stroud, Lucy

Taylor, Prue

The first and second editions of the Handbook, on which this Pacific version is substantially based, were prepared as a practical introduction to negotiating or working on Mulitlateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). They were prepared for people with little or no technical background in negotiations.They were also intended to function as a key reference tool for experienced negotiators. As a result the subject matter is developed at a relatively broad level. However, technical information and language was retained and used in context, with understanding facilitated by a comprehensive glossary prepared by UNEP. This new handbook preserves these key aspects but has enhanced the accessiblity of information and, were appropriate, used examples and material of particular relevance to the Pacific Region

Towards establishing a Melanesia bio-security & invasive species advisory committee

Available Online

The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the various frameworks and initiatives that exist in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) with regards to invasive species management and how they could be utilised towards the development of a coordinated mechanism by the countries in the Melanesian region in addressing biosecurity and invasive species concerns. The terms of reference for this report can be seen in Annex 1. The benefits from a coordinated region may include enhanced economic opportunities and safeguarding the unique ecological systems and species diversity for the wellbeing of the Melanesian people. The PICTs are one of the best organised and well-coordinated regions in the world in terms of environmental management. Comprising thousands of islands, atolls and islets, the Pacific Islands are categorised in many different ways including the three sub-regions of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia (generally in reference to the size and cultural context of the islands and people).

Removing Rodents from Small Islands Final Report on a Capacity Development Workshop completed in Tonga

Island and Ocean Ecosystems, BRB

Available Online

Espinosa, Irene

Griffiths, Richard

Days 1 and 2 of the workshop course exposed participants to the theory behind rodent eradications (Fig 1). The nature and importance of undertaking a project feasibility assessment was explained and the key questions that need to be answered to determine if a project is feasible were discussed.

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