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In the tropics, coral reefs are a conspicuous and important component in the livelihoods of many coastal communities. Coral reefs are amongst the most productive and diverse habitats in tropical oceans. The diversity of organisms on coral reefs is the highest per unit area of any known habitat. Coral reefs also act as barriers against the destructive power of oceanic waves, providing sheltered environments for the development of seagrass beds and mangrove systems. These same barriers also protect the coastline from erosion that could destroy property and houses in coastal villages. Older reef structures may also form the foundations on which communities build their houses. More importantly, from a human perspective, coral reefs have long provided a source of sustenance, livelihood and set of cultural values for many coastal communities.