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Like so many communities and territories, even the planet itself, placed in peril by today's global climate emergency, the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) future relies on the full and effective implementation of the Paris Agreement. The Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Agreement, spelling out how each nation contributes to it, have thereby become the most important public documents for the future of the world and the survival of our human civilization as we know it.

Our SoE Report spans seven themes and 18 sub-topics. For example, the “Atmosphere and Climate” theme has the sub-topics of “Climate Adaptation,” “Ozone Depleting Substances and Greenhouse Gases” and “Physical Climate.”

While the Republic's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) encompasses over 750,000 square miles of the central Pacific Ocean, its land area totals less than 70 square miles—a ratio of land to water of less than I to 10.000. Understandably, the Republic's natural resources are primarily marine. The nation'sabundant and extremely biodiverse coral reefs provide habitat for robust populations of fish and other marine life, which support subsistence and incipient commercial reef fisheries. The extensive pelagic fishery that is part of a regional fishing industry may be reaching optimium sustainable production. No endemic species of terres- trial flora or fauna are known, and no endemic aquatic species have yet been identified, but the Marshall Islands offer important natural sanctuaries to several endangered mammals, birds, and turtles.